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Contents Introduction

This article examines the influence of the US protectionist measures on the government’s policies and behaviour adopted for the steel industry in Northeast Asia by using the ‘voice, exit and follow’ framework. In particular, it examines the policies and actions of the Japanese and Korean governments, which have implemented critical actions against US trade policies in steel. It argues that successive US antidumping measures encouraged some Northeast Asian governments to raise their voice against US protectionist measures exemplified by antidumping practices. At the same time, the measures urged the Northeast Asian government to develop alternative institutional settings to prevent steel trade disputes in the region. Importantly, the measures invited follow actions among Northeast Asian countries, which became more willing to use antidumping measures for protecting their domestic markets.